Simulation Experimentation

7.5 Simulation Experiment When the base ‘push’ and ‘pull’ hypothetical records were approved and confirmed, the accompanying measure was to decide on designs that could be remembered for the reproduction review and their degree scene. In this way, the reproduction experimentation was conveyed in two stages. 7.5.1 Initial Experiment The underlying experimentation was utilized to decide the level of adjustments to be made and for affirmation of examples. Alongside the current position, following variances were considered for starting experimentation.Layout modification: format change with adjustments in machine area and cell layoutSetup cut: 25 % less and 50 % lessAverage clasp to retouch ( MTTR ) : 25 % less, 50 % less and 25 % morePull Model: 100 % creation according to plan and no FGI accessible, 100 % creation according to plan and existent FGIRejection: 25 % less and 50 % lessLoad and empty clasp: 25 % less and 50 % less.Table 7.6 Consequences of mated T-test for past informations cogency of ‘push’ type reenactment hypothetical accountJ948336256†0.370.0872.04477550230.1780.6970.408†405823570.7760.004†4.555J8109226631.0850.3191.08574911380.790.1321.741†34315860.3050.588-0.573J7-159022040.1220.105-1.90914512210.6330.7640.31417352696-0.0330.141.702J6135539420.0280.3980.914024530 .9470.0572.347-9534124-0.0740.563-0.612J5199056750.4860.3890.928222221120.5990.0322.78323257940.570.9190.106J4114659710.0890.630.508158717140.6590.052.4494417322-0.50.8790.159J3939713869-0.1040.1231.793-18772610.6130.948-0.068-9584113260.2230.066-2.239J2122543590.9650.4850.7442955120100.6850.5390.6511730104570.7060.6770.438J1208776080.9760.4950.7262650224310.740.7650.313563187730.7630.9390.079Stat. ParameterMeanStd. Dev.Correlationp-valuet-valueMeanStd. Dev.Correlationp-valuet-valueMeanStd. Dev.Correlationp-valuet-valueComparison betweenPlanned-ActualPlanned-‘push’ hypothetical accountActual-‘push’ hypothetical accountProduction arrangement: high to low volume and low to high volumeHandiness: 25 % less and 25 % moreRaw Material Schedule: current characteristic stuff procurance program, plan bringings after 5 yearss, with and without opening RMI, 5 % additional stuff procurance, with current bringing open introduction, 100 % bringing measure and bringing ope n presentation7.5.1.1 Layout Alterations The design to be utilized for the JIT framework should hold maximal perceivability, lower limit strolling, insignificant stuff taking care of, encourages observing of work come ining and go forthing the cell and laborers can helpfully team up to smooth stream and address employments. Schonberger ( 1982 ) , Korgaonker ( 2005 ) and other examination laborers have worried on the use of smoothed out U molded design and arrangement of creating cells dependent on bunch building ( GT ) assault. The present design of the importance machine store is a mix of U-formed and L-molded format. The nation of the criticalness store is 625 m2including the nation required for hugeness machines, revise nation, racks for hive awaying the kicks the bucket and tooling which is non too much enormous for the stuff and device movement. The P9 machine was the solitary machine outside the nearby U-type. The administrator and the stuff must be set in the passage. In this way, subsequently the machine P9 was move d in topographic purpose of P6, which is non being utilized. The unbounded restriction other than does non let the difference in current design into the total U type format. The format was broke down to check the areas of the machines inside the given design. From-To diagram demonstrated that the present format produces insignificant backtracking. So as to utilize bunch designing ( GT ) assault, two sorts of cells were shaped. As appeared in Table 7.7, two cells were framed dependent on creation properties and by exchanging a portion of the tasks performed on machines P5, P7 and P8. The proportion of constituents J5 and J8 is extremely less when contrasted with occupation J1, J2 and J3. Along these lines, it would non be prudent to spare the machines P5, P7 and P8 completely for these two occupations. In this way, it could be viewed as that the criticalness store with 11 machines shaped one cell. In another assault, the reproduction hypothetical record was created in which the machines with comparative limits were gathered to sort out the cell as appeared in Table 7.8. The primary receptacle of a clump chooses the most readily accessible importance in the cell alloted to that activity. On the off chance that none of the imperativenesss are accessible, the containers hold up until an importance is accessible. After an importance has been chosen, all containers in that group will be directed to the chose essentialness for that curious activity. The creation open introduction of this format was contrasted and the base ‘push’ hypothetical record stand foring current situation. It was seen that month to month creation of J2, J3 and J5 is radically diminished while the expansion in the creation of J1, J8 and J9 is extremely fringy. So also, lead cut augmentations definitely and machine use other than diminishes. Along these lines, both the assaults have demonstrated ne gative inclinations of steps. In this way, it was chosen to follow the present design as the most appropriate alternative. Table 7.7 Cell arrangement dependent on creation propertiesCell No.Press machines in the cellJobs made in the cell11, 2, 3, 8, 9, 11, 12 7 machines1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9 7 occupations24, 5, 7, 10 4 machines5, 8 2 occupations.Table 7.8 Cell arrangement dependent on machine capacityCell No.Press machines in the cellCapacity14, 540 Short ton2780 Short ton33100 Short ton42, 8, 9110 Short ton51, 10, 11, 12160 Short ton7.5.1.2 Line Balancing Line compromise is a specific activity for grouped sort of creation ( Schonberger, 1982 ) . The vitality store viable was broke down for accessible and required figure of shots. The investigation is introduced in Table 7.9 for the period of January. It tends to be seen that the shots remain unutilized or adjusted. The investigation for all the seven months indicated comparable inclinations aside from the period of February and March. For the purpose of calculations, the general insignificant shots accessible were viewed as which are well lower than accessible for high volume occupations like J1 and J2. Along these lines, line compromise was other than non a worry for the essentialness store. Table 7.9 Capacity investigation for the long stretch of JanuaryImperativenessJobs using essentialness and comparing measureMin. CapacityMin. parts/twenty-four hoursRequired shotsBalance shotsOccupationQtyOccupationQtyOccupationQtyOccupationQtyP1J21128J3245250350013732127P2J12246J2112825035003374126P3J21128J3245J4316J772333466217612901P4J8157J815730342423143928P5J3245J3245J540840056008984702P7J4316J5408J815730342428813361P8J12246J21128J772385539034461944P9J12246J4316J9101J9101286400427641240P10J5408J9101J910125035006102890P11J21128J3245J9101J9101250350015751925P12J21128J6273J62732002800167411267.5.1.3 Production Sequence The constituents to be delivered by vitality store incorporates some high volume occupations, for example, J1, J2, and J3 and some low volume occupations, for example, J7, J8 and J9. The arrangement wherein these occupations are planned influences the open introduction of criticalness store. The recreation was done by planning the creation from high to low ( on the balance of creation volume ) and from low to high. The outcomes demonstrated that in both the examples creation lessenings and WIP increments definitely. Thus, the present assault of grouped kind sequencing was kept up for ‘push’ and ‘pull’ hypothetical records. 7.5.1.3 Raw Material Procurement Schedule In the underlying experimentation of ‘push’ type reenactment hypothetical record, a few instances of ‘stock out’ condition of affairss were watched. On the off chance that the characteristic stuff measure in the shop was not exactly the twenty-four hours ‘s request, the hypothetical record determined the figure of full receptacles that could be created using the bing common stuff in the shop. The equalization was added to the accompanying twenty-four hours ‘s request. Current procurance of regular stuff is in massive tonss bring forthing higher RMI.The open introduction of the dealers in footings of clinging to the measure and clasp of bringing is great. Normal ‘On cut delivery’ open introduction is 99.24 % and the ‘right quantity’ open introduction is 95.50 % . Despite the fact that, the vender open introduction is respectably acceptable, the works experienced captures due to ‘non-accessibility of material’ on the one manus and high stock rundown of normal stuff on the other. In this way, the new procurance plan was created to maintain a strategic distance from the ‘stock out’ situation with negligible conceivable normal stuff stock rundown. Arranged alternatives, for example, plan bringings after 5 yearss with and without opening RMI were thought of. All things considered, a few events of ‘stock out’ were watched. In this way, 5 % additional stuff was added to the procurance measure so as to balance for potential dismissals. Opening characteristic stuff stock rundown toward the start of the reenactment was accepted. The getting open introduction footings of value and bringing timing was displayed according to worldview execution. 7.5.1.4 Setup Time Arrangement cut diminishing is the greater part of import strategy that empowers JIT refillings. The set-up cut is the slipped by cut from when the last bit of the present count is finished until the work place begins running the primary great bit of the accompanying count. Whole arrangement cut comprises of the clasp required preparing, mounting and unhorsing, center oning, dimensioning and puting measure, and test counts and facilities. For the hugeness store viable, the mean set-up cut is 14.4 proceedingss, the maximal being 30 proceedingss and as far as possible is 10 proceedingss. Alongside the other parametric quanti

Critical Incident Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Basic Incident Paper - Essay Example The most noteworthy purpose behind a business to grasp decent variety is to guarantee that imagination is kept up. Individuals from various social foundations as a rule approach issues from alternate points of view. A blend of inventive thoughts ordinarily prompts the acknowledgment of a handy arrangement (Scott 2007). Nonetheless, the qualities and standards of each culture must be regarded so as to accomplish the ideal uprightness in the working environment. In this specific episode, there was a misconception between the administration and a portion of the laborers in regards to certain social qualities whereby individuals are limited from participating in specific exercises during a specific time of the year that has been saved for fasting and recalling the issues that the general public has been experiencing and thinking of thoughts of how to handle them, and furthermore help the distraught individuals in the general public. This specific episode introduced a difficulty to a portion of the representatives, who were required to take part in a send off gathering arranged to respect the active official chief. The occasion included celebrating and devouring, which was not in accordance with the social acts of the representatives who were required by their way of life to disregard from devouring for an entire month. Then again, each off the representative had a task to carry out in the meal composed by the administration. In spite of the fa ct that the workers who were influenced by their way of life involved a minority of the representative populace, it was fundamental for the administration to remember them. As Dana (2000) watches, obliviousness, carelessness and separation in the working environment lead to struggle. There was a general misconstruing by the administration with respect to the noteworthiness of this social occasion, and the ramifications of keeping a portion of the workers from taking an interest completely in it through drawing in them in the dinner. It is significant for supervisors in any work place

Dwon Example

Dwon Example Dwon â€" Essay Example >  In the late 80’s and early 90’s, Australia experienced pressures to reconfigure its workplace relations arrangements so that it can conform to neo-liberal notions of flexibility in the labour market. Significant reforms were made in the late 80’s and early 90’s. A series of reforms which include the Industrial Relations Reform Act 1993 and the Industrial Relations Amendment Act (1992, 1994) were introduced by the government that was in place, that allowed a collective agreement for individual enterprise and encouraged the spread of enterprise bargaining. In Australia, this was exacerbated by financial and trade liberalization. Since early 80’s, the government realized that Australia’s industrial relations were poorly aligned with the changes that were taking place in the country’s economy. Australia government undertook radical employment relations reforms in the late 80’s and early 90’s, followed by nearly a decade of adaptive change (Birmingham, 1997). After Labor government being in power for 13 year, a coalition government was elected (comprising of National Party and Liberal Party) in the general election of 1996. This coalition government was subsequently re-elected in 1998, 2001 and in 2004, before being defeated in Labor Party in the Federal elections that took place in 2007. Labour law policy and Industrial relations were critical aspects of the Coalition’s social and political platform throughout the coalition government was in power and in pursuance of these employment reforms the coalition government introduced legislations that touches on employment relations (Birmingham, 1997). During the period that the Coalition government was in-power, a stream of legislation that deals with employment relations were introduced, with the major changes were found in its Work Choices (or Workplace Relations Amendment) Act 2005 and its Workplace Relations Act 1996. Numerous arguments has been put forward about the rationales on the legisla tive changes, particularly in its 2005 form, which revolutionalised Australian labour law standards. These changes include the desire to make employers and workers for making arrangements in the workplace that suited them rather than such arrangements entrenched by employment or industrial tribunals, restore managerial prerogative, the desire to reduce the complexity of workplace regulation and associated costs upon employers, the desire to increase productivity, the desire to replace adversarial workplace relations with a more co-operative system and so on. These were some argument brought forward by the government to redistribute wealth from capital to labour to a system and protect workers which was also concerned with making businesses in Australia to be competitive ones. Non-standard work has long been a feature of employment relations and Australian labour markets. In the past, non-standard work was regulated through the award system. Hence, it was difficult for businesses in Australia to access to and organization of non-standard work, historically; it was not a simple matter of businesses or employer choice. But after the passing of Workplace Relations Act 1996, this position of non-standard work was changed considerably, and in return, employers were provided with incentives that enable them to engage with workers under different arrangements for non-standard work. Empirically it has been found that non-standard work have been on the rise since early 90’s, and has continued to rise after Workplace Relations Act 1996 legislation was introduced (Birmingham 1997). These changes into industrial relations were responsible to growth in temporary employment in the Australian service sector (Waring 2003). However, between 1980 and 1990, the labor government chose to adopt an adaptive approach to reforms in the labor market, the government encouraged, rather than imposed labour market flexibility. The key measures that were set by the government in the sa me period were designed to promote incidence of enterprise-level bargaining (Birmingham 1997).

Role of Media in Current Scenario - 2168 Words

Role of media in current scenario Outlines 1. Introduction 2. Media in Pakistan 3. Importance of media †¢ Creation Of Awareness †¢ Strengthen Democracy †¢ Promotion Of Tolerance And Understanding †¢ Attract The Attention Of Policy Makers †¢ Strengthen Relations With Other Countries †¢ Entertainment 4. Miracles of electronic media 5. Present situation of media 6. What should be the role of media in current scenario * Political awareness * Social awareness * Education * Religious clarification * Economic debate * Promotion of culture * Role of pamera Recommendation Conclusion When complaints are freely heard, deeply considered, and speedily reformed, then is the utmost bound of civil liberty†¦show more content†¦People express their problems and grievance through media which attract the attention of policy makers. In this way, media shapes the public opinion as a means of exerting pressure on government and policy makers. Media plays an extremely important role in transmitting the claims of social, economic and political movements to the decision-makers and the public. Media, through its various trends, colors and lifestyles, has brought the nations closer to each other. It depicts the religion and culture of the countries. It creates social harmony and understanding and promotes brotherhood. Various authorities and agencies utilize the power of media to spread informative messages to public like today in Pakistan an add â€Å"zara sochiay† is being used to promote the education.. This may include warning against a storm or epidemic (fast spreading disease), delay in arrival or departure of flights and trains, etc. In some cases, it is legally binding to publish notices in newspaper like tenders, change of property ownership, etc. Almost all business concerns use the power of media to sell their products. They advertise in media for the enhancement of business. 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The Biggest Myth About Religion Essay Topics Argumentative Exposed

The Biggest Myth About Religion Essay Topics Argumentative Exposed Your readers want to see the entire picture, and that's what you should concentrate on. Simply, you ought to aim to make them interested in furthering their discussion independently even when they are finished with the reading the writing. It is very important to get started with demonstrating the principal idea of the entire piece so you and your readers are going to be on the exact same page. Since you may see, there's a multitude of different argumentative paper titles you'll be able to utilize. Understanding how to compose a strong argumentative paper will help you advance your very own argumentative thinking. If you own a list of strong and intriguing topics, you are going to have better likelihood of writing a compelling essay. If you decide on boring, bland or irrelevant topics, you aren't going to have an extremely prosperous paper. It is possible to download our sample essay papers at no cost. When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay, the most significant issue to do is to select a topic and an argument you can really get behind. With terrific arguments, it is going to be effortless to produce your standpoint. When you are requested to pick a great topic for your argument, start with something you're familiarized with. To earn argument logical emotions should not be regarded as as a tool. It's possible to restate your argument, which is a rather common practice amongst essayists. The student should investigate a topic, evaluate evidence, collect, generate, and set a standpoint on the subject in a powerful and concise way. Actually, the action of arguing involves providing proof to back up your claim, with or without emotions. What You Should Do to Find Out About Religion Essay Topics Argumentative Before You're Left Behind The role of assigning an essay to middle school students is to make awareness and permit them to develop writing skills. With proper main topics, they can reach good results. At various classes, they learn how to perform great articles. Too many students will select the previous stand-bys. Religion Essay Topics Argumentative Can Be Fun for Everyone If you don't have an urge to waste time on choosing the best topic and writing the entire argumentative essay from scratch, don't forget you have a loyal group of professionals by your side. It's possible to select an intriguing topic from any area of science. If you're struggling, you always have the option to obtain help by employing an essay writing service such as ours. Many students make the most of our title page generator. Religion Essay Topics Argumentative Fundamentals Explained There are lots of aspects about a sport that may be argued in an essay. In many professional contexts, respectful argumentation is the thing that leads to the growth of new suggestions and perspectives. You have to be able to use persuasive language. Where to Find Religion Essay Topics Argumentative The thesis gives you a guideline about how to go about with writing the essay. Your essay will be nice and interesting only as long as you're interested in the issue. If you must write your whole essay in 1 day, do your very best to give yourself breaks so you don't burn out. To locate argumentative essay topics easy on various platforms, you want to comprehend about the argumentative essay. When you are finished with your essay, you must not merely check it for spelling and grammatical errors, but nevertheless, it also has to be checked for logical fallacies. Argumentative essays are a few of the best that you can write as a student. An argumentative essay is a certain sort of academic writing. All argumentative essays should have a conclusion paragraph. The Do's and Don'ts of Religion Essay Topics Argumentative One of the absolute most ideal domains to carry a research is on distinct religions and distinct beliefs. There's no point if one selects a topic that isn't even understandable. There are many procedures that may help you to select a topic. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics since you need opposing points that you could counter to your own points. You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but make sure you do your homework on what the recent laws about your preferred topic actually say. Around the world, immigration is a popular topic as countries suffer from war and financial disasters. It's possible to pick topics from several lists of ready themes. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do. Want to Know More About Religion Essay Topics Argumentative? A number of potential paper's subjects allows students choosing the best ones employing personal wisdom and number of different explanations. Doing sports in college ought to be mandatory. Our crew of professional writers with the required experience and writing skills is always prepared to fulfill your demands and exceed your expectations. Another reason is to observe how well students argue on unique views and demonstrate understanding of the studied subject.

Great Fire of London Free Essays

The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through the central parts of the English city of London, from Sunday, 2 September to Wednesday, 5 September 1666. [1] The fire gutted the medieval City of London inside the old Roman City Wall. It threatened, but did not reach, the aristocratic district of Westminster, Charles II’s Palace of Whitehall, and most of the suburban slums. We will write a custom essay sample on Great Fire of London or any similar topic only for you Order Now [2] It consumed 13,200 houses, 87 parish churches, St. Paul’s Cathedral, and most of the buildings of the City authorities. It is estimated that it destroyed the homes of 70,000 of the City’s 80,000 inhabitants. 3] The death toll from the fire is unknown and is traditionally thought to have been small, as only six verified deaths were recorded. This reasoning has recently been challenged on the grounds that the deaths of poor and middle-class people were not recorded anywhere, and that the heat of the fire may have cremated many victims, leaving no recognisable remains. The Great Fire started at the bakery of Thomas Farriner (or Farynor) on Pudding Lane, shortly after midnight on Sunday, 2 September, and it spread rapidly west across the City of London.The use of the major firefighting technique of the time, the creation of firebreaks by means of demolition, was critically delayed due to the indecisiveness of the Lord Mayor of London, Sir Thomas Bloodworth. By the time large-scale demolitions were ordered on Sunday night, the wind had already fanned the bakery fire into a firestorm which defeated such measures. The fire pushed north on Monday into the heart of the City. Order in the streets broke down as rumours arose of suspicious foreigners setting fires.The fears of the homeless focused on the French and Dutch, England’s enemies in the ongoing Second Anglo-Dutch War; these substantial immigrant groups became victims of lynchings and street violence. On Tuesday, the fire spread over most of the City, destroying St. Paul’s Cathedral and leaping the River Fleet to threaten Charles II’s court at Whitehall, while coordinated firefighting efforts were simultaneously mobilising. The battle to quench the fire is considered to have been won by two factors: the strong east winds died down, and the Tower of London garrison used gunpowder to create effective firebreaks to halt further spread eastward. How to cite Great Fire of London, Papers

Sonnet and No Second Troy Essay Example

Sonnet and No Second Troy Paper In this essay Im going to be comparing two love poems. The two poems I will be comparing are Sonnet be Edna St Vincent Millay and No Second Troy composed by Irelands most famous writer, William Butler Yeats. I hope to look in detail at both poems and to be able to compare and contrast both pieces. Sonnet was written in 1917 be Edna St Vincent Millay. Edna St Vincent Millay was a middle class citizen born in Maine, America. She was very well educated and began writing poetry from the age of 15. Sonnet is a love poem structured around betrayal and depression, we can see this in the first line Time does not bring relief; you all have lied Here Edna St Vincent Millay is referring to the people that told her at the time of separation that things would get better in time and directly accuses a friend or family of lying to her. The first and second lines make use of enjambment which makes the poem flow, it gives the poem a slow rhythm to suit her emotions. Enjambment is used frequently throughout the poem. We will write a custom essay sample on Sonnet and No Second Troy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sonnet and No Second Troy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sonnet and No Second Troy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Who told me time would ease me of my pain! Millay uses an accusation tone here to show her emotions, which I believe suggests that she is unstable, as she wants to blame anybody apart from herself. Millay uses personification to display her emotions as the weeping of the rain which refers to her tears and also rhymes with pain in the previous line. She also uses personification in I miss him at the shrinking of the tide To say that she misses him when the tide is out which represents peace and quiet in this situation, tide rhymes with lied in the opening line of the poem. Edna St Vincent Millay compares there relationship with old snow. For example, The old snows melt from every mountain-side In my opinion melting snow is a perfect description as it represents their relationship in two ways: one is that snow melts representing their relationship disappearing, and secondly that snow is cold also representing their cold and non affectionate relationship. Millay describes their present relationship situation very cleverly by describing it as smoke. As the poet says, And last years leaves are smoke in every lane She uses a perfect description here again as smoke is almost non existent and like the melting snow in the previous lines it shows that the relationship no longer exists, but unlike the cold snow smoke resembles fire and heat which could mean that they had a fiery relationship. In the past four lines the poet has mentioned all four seasons, I think she has done this so that she can show the reader that she misses him all year round and that she still loves him. I believe that Edna St Vincent Millay is obsessed with him, a good example of this is, But last years bitter loving must remain Heaped on my heart, and my old thoughts abide Thins is a great example of compulsive behaviour as she admits that the love was bitter but its still better than nothing, Edna St Vincent Millay uses an oxymoron to emphasise on the bitter loving in my opinion this is used at exactly the right time as its showing the reader that she must accept a negative to experience a little glimpse of a positive one. There is also repetition with the words last year used in the previous line also. Enjambment is used once again here to give the poem a flow and a slow tempo to suit her emotions. I think that Edna St Vincent Millay has linked the octet to the sestet very cleverly, she uses the last five words of the octet to liken it to the sestet and to completely change her emotions. The octet is dominated by her wanting the love to be mutual but the last five words are about wanting to forget him which leads into the sestet which is dominated by her feelings and her efforts to forget him. You can observe this easily in the opening line, There are hundred places where I fear To go, so with his memory they brim! Edna Millay cant forget him, she wants to forget him but she cant, this proves my point from before the quotation. She also uses hyperbole to emphasis the fact that she cant go any were his memory does not exist. And entering with relief some quiet place Where never fell his foot or shone his face Here we can see that Edna Millay still thinks of him as divine, although not literally this is obvious when she says or shone his face. This shows that she still loves him. I find it intriguing that she uses the verb shone as this is sometime used when talking about a star or an angel, this could mean that she thinks, metaphorically that hes an angel. She continues to say that when she goes to a place where his foot has never fallen or where his face has never shone so she remembers him. I say, There is no memory of him here! And so stand stricken, so remembering him! The poem has a slow rhythm and uses imagery throughout and techniques such as enjambment, personification, sibilance, oxymoron and hyperbole. The second poem I will be comparing is No Second Troy. No Second Troy was written in 1910 by Irelands most famous writer, William Butler Yeats was born in 1865 and was brought up and educated in Dublin. William Butler Yeats had an interest in Irish literature from a very young age and was quoted as being the pillar in Irish literature. During Yeats early life he fell deeply in love with a lady called Maude Gonne, in 1901 Yeats proposed unsuccessfully for the third time, she saying that she would never marry. In 1903 much to Yeats dislike she married an Irish nationalist Major John McBride. William Butler Yeats, Maud Gonne and Major John McBride all shared one dream, Irish Independence. Gonnes obsession with the concept of Irish independence was much greater than Yeats. No Second Troy is a love poem built around the structure of love, violence and depression. The title suggests that Yeats compares Maude Gonne with Helen of Troy. The Poem begins with a rhetorical question Why should I blame her that she filled my days with misery I think he uses the rhetorical question here to tell the readers that Gonne wouldnt care if she had filled his days with misery and that all she cares about is Irish independence. Referring to one of my earlier points William Butler Yeats believes in what Gonne is fighting for but not the way shes doing it. As he writes, Or that she would of late Have taught most ignorant men most violent ways William Butler Yeats tells the reader that she is to blame for the IRA, when he says Taught to ignorant men most violent ways this could mean that she uses her beauty to entice people in to fighting for her, just like Helen of Troy. William Butler Yeats gives us his opinion on the IRA quite cleverly when he mentions violence, although he doesnt mention the IRA you still get his opinion, this is done very cleverly by Yeats. William Butler Yeats proves him self correct in saying that the way they are trying to get Irish independence is wrong when he says Or hurled the little streets upon the great This is a factual quote from No Second Troy, Yeats tells the audience that the British look down on the Irish. Yeats uses little to describe the Irish, I think he uses little to try and say that they are lower class compared to the British this can be seen easily when he calls the British great . But Yeats later goes on to say Had they but courage equal to desire. To me this is a very important quotation from the poem as he is saying if the Irishs courage was equal to their ambition they could be like the British, but it is as if he is giving advice because unlike before he is not running the plan down. Yeats wants Irish Independence and is trying to encourage the Irish by telling them that they can become great but they must fight. William Butler Yeats believes that violence isnt the way to gain independence. He wants Maud Gonne to fight for it in a civilized way, legally, this can be observed in the following lines. What could have made her peaceful with a mind That nobleness made simple as a fire. Butler Yeats says here that Gonne could have been happy if she would have done it without violence and did things politically and not violently and that her passion for Irish independence could have been achieved by doing it his way. Yeats goes back to talking about Maud Gonne in a very positive way- With beauty like a tightened bow, a kind That is not natural in an age like this Here you can see that Yeats is obsessed with Maud Gonne when he says that Gonnes beauty was not natural. We can see Yeats opinion of her was very impressive, in my opinion Yeats is telling the reader that her beauty is too good for earth, but after reading the next line you can see that unnatural beauty can come with consequences and be dangerous. Being high and solitary and most stern? Yeats tells the reader that Maud Gonne beauty has led her to arrogance and to an unhappy and emotionally lonely life. A reason for this could be that her obsession with independence has dominated her life and has mentally changed her. In my opinion William Butler Yeats changes from being desirable at the start of the poem to being a person looking back in hindsight, this can be seen in this following quote Why, what could she have done, being what she is? Was there another Troy for her to burn? From this quote you can see why I thought that he was looking back in hindsight, he looks back in hindsight and asks him self what could he or she have done to prevent the solitary and the sternest behaviour. When he says Was there another Troy for her to burn? I think he says this for two possible reasons, one being that she could ruin Ireland and that Troy would represent Ireland and Burn could resemble the fighting in Ireland. The other possibility is that she is like Helen of Troy and that she could become all cause of conflict. The poem begins with a rhetorical question and ends with a rhetorical question, this is just one of the numerous techniques used by Yeats an other technique that Yeats uses is enjambment, W B Yeats uses enjambment all throughout the poem to give it a medium pace rhythm. After reading and analyzing both Sonnet and No Second Troy I can finally compare and contrast. One of the many comparisons is that both poems have been subject of inspiration. Sonnet is inspired by Millay former partner as is Yeats poem. They are both based on the theme of love and both are heavily negative and slightly obsesive. For example this quotation from Sonnet proves just how eccentric her love for him is, last years bitter loving must remain. Both poets use enjambment frequently throughout the entire poems. Here is an example from No second Troy, WHY should I blame her that she filled my days With misery, or that she would of late Have taught to ignorant men most violant ways In my opinion enjambment has been very instrumental to both poets as it allows the poem to flow nicely and to control the rhythym and pace of the poem. For example, enjambment has been used here But last years bitter loving must remain Heaped on my heart, and my old thoughts abide! Here it is used to give the poem a medium paced rhythym and is very effective. Both poems use a small amount of hyperbole, a great example of hyperbole is in Sonnet where Millay says There are a hundread places where I fear to go. An example of hyperbole from No Second Troy is That nobleness made simple as fire. Although there are many comparisons between both poems there are also many differences. For example No Second Troy uses rhetorical questions where Millay Sonnet doesnt. I think rhetorical questions play a large part in Yeats poem as it brings more emotion to the poem. A good example of this is WHY should I blame her that she filled my days with misery?. An other difference is that Millay uses an oxymoron in Sonnet. In my opinion a good example of an oxymoron from Sonnet is But last years bitter loving must remain. I think the oxymoron shows strong emphasis on the ex-relationship status and gives us an insight on what the relationship used to be like. A big difference in both poems is the flow of the poems. This is mostly effected by the enjembments used and the rhyming scheme. Sonnet doesnt follow any rhyming scheme where as No Second Troy does. This has a large impact on the flow of both poems which are completely different. Sonnet flows much faster than No Second Troy making it much better to read.

The Scarlet Letter5 essays

The Scarlet Letter5 essays Hawthorne says that he writes to the whole world hoping that someone will understand what he is talking about. He goes on to speak about Salem, where his relatives have lived and died since its existence. Over time Salem has become more of an instinct to his family, and has tried to escape, but always come back. His children were not born in Salem because he wanted to break free of the tradition. He compares people to plants in that if you do not transplant, future crops will be ruined. He descries his forefathers as Puritans. They would not approve of his lifestyle as a writer because it is to unproductive. He then describes his return to Salem and his new job at the Custom House. His employees are elderly veterans that both amused and pained the author. After the men found out he meant no harm they relax and spend their time telling stories. Custom House Inspector- head leader of all custom houses, great physical condition despite of old age, but had no brains. His father put him into his position. He has no memories of experiences, only food. Collector- very old, strong spirit, his age has physically affected him, in war he was brutal, but now he wouldnt hurt a fly. Surveyor- more in contact with his thoughts than with the real world, motto: Ill try, sir!, described as a rusty sword Authors title: Surveyor of Revenue One rainy day he looks through old barrels of articles and finds a scarlet letter A and a document describing the life of Hester Prynne. He claims that these serve as documents of proof for his novel. (These were never found and were probably made up to give the novel a historical sense.) He decides to write a book based on this. He does his writing under moonlight or firelight. As he writes he realizes he must leave the Custom House. Its way of producing a stable life is addicting. It doesnt allow you to support you...

The Peloponnesian War - Causes of the Conflict

The Peloponnesian War - Causes of the Conflict Many excellent historians have discussed the causes of the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BCE), and many more will do so in the future. Thucydides, however, wrote the most important contemporary chronicle of the war. Importance of the Peloponnesian War Fought between the allies of Sparta and the empire of Athens, the crippling Peloponnesian War paved the way for the Macedonian takeover of Greece by Philip II of Macedon and, following that, Alexander the Greats empire. Before the Peloponnesian War, the city-states (poleis) of Greece had worked together to fight off the Persians. During the Peloponnesian War, they turned on each other. Thucydides on the Cause of the Peloponnesian War In the first book of his history, participant-observer and historian Thucydides recorded the causes of the Peloponnesian War: The real cause I consider to be the one which was formally most kept out of sight. The growth of the power of Athens, and the alarm which this inspired in Lacedaemon, made war inevitable.I.1.23 History of the Peloponnesian War While Thucydides seemed quite certain that he had settled the question of the cause of the Peloponnesian War for all time, historians continue to debate the origins of the war. The main reasons proposed are: Sparta was jealous of other powers and desired more power for itself.Sparta was unhappy at no longer having all the military glory.Athen bullied its allies and neutral cities.There was a conflict among city-states between competing political ideologies. Historian Donald Kagan has been studying the causes of the Peloponnesian War for decades. His 2003 book provides a detailed breakdown of the politics, alliances, and events that led to the war. Athens and the Delian League Many historical accounts make brief mention of the earlier Persian Wars, which undervalues their importance as a contributing factor to the later war. Because of the Persian Wars, Athens had to be rebuilt and it came to dominate its group of allies politically and economically. The Athenian empire started with the Delian League, which had been formed to allow Athens to take the lead in the  war against Persia, and wound up providing Athens with access to what was supposed to be a communal treasury. Athens used these communal funds to build up its navy and, with it, its importance and power. Spartas Allies Earlier, Sparta had been the military leader of the Greek world. Sparta had a set of loose alliances by means of individual treaties that extended to the Peloponnese, excepting Argos and Achaea. The Spartan alliances are referred to as the Peloponnesian League. Sparta Insults Athens When Athens decided to invade Thasos, Sparta would have come to the aid of the north Aegean island, had Sparta not suffered a natural disaster. Athens, still bound by alliances of the Persian War years, tried to help the Spartans, but was rudely asked to leave. Kagan says that this open quarrel in 465 BCE was the first between Sparta and Athens. Athens broke off the alliance with Sparta and allied, instead, with Spartas enemy, Argos. Athens Gains an Ally and an Enemy When Megara turned to Sparta for help in its boundary dispute with Corinth, Sparta, which was allied with both city-states, declined to come to their aid. Megara broke its alliance with Sparta and proposed a new one with Athens. Athens needed a friendly Megara on its border since it provided gulf access, so it agreed in 459 BCE. Doing so, unfortunately, set up lasting enmity with Corinth. About 15 years later, Megara joined back up again with Sparta. Thirty Years Peace In 446 and 445, Athens, a sea power, and Sparta, a land power, signed a peace treaty. The Greek world was now formally divided in two, with two hegemons. By treaty, members of one side could not switch and join the other, although neutral powers could take sides. Historian Kagan writes that, for possibly the first time in history, an attempt was made to keep the peace by requiring both sides to submit grievances to binding arbitration. Fragile Balance of Power A complicated partially ideological political conflict between Spartan-ally Corinth and her neutral daughter city and strong naval power, Corcyra, led to Athenian involvement in Spartas realm. Corcyra appealed to Athens for help, offering to Athens the use of its navy. Corinth urged Athens to remain neutral. But since Corcyras navy was powerful, Athens was concerned that it would fall into Spartan hands and disrupt whatever fragile balance of power the city-states were maintaining. Athens signed a defense-only treaty and sent a fleet to Corcyra. Fighting ensued and Corcyra, with Athens aid, won the Battle of Sybota against Corinth in 433. Athens now knew that direct battle with Corinth was inevitable. Spartan Promises to Athens Ally Potidaea was part of the Athenian empire, but also a daughter city of Corinth. Athens feared a revolt, with good reason, since the Potidaeans had secretly acquired a promise of Spartan support, to invade Athens, in violation of the 30 years treaty. Megarian Decree Athens former ally, the polis Megara, had allied with Corinth at Sybota and elsewhere, and Athens, therefore, put a peacetime embargo on Megara. Historians are not clear on the embargos effects, some saying that Megara was merely made uncomfortable, while others claim that it set the polis on the brink of starvation. The embargo was not an act of war, but Corinth took the opportunity to urge all allies disaffected with Athens to pressure Sparta now to invade Athens. There were enough hawks among the ruling bodies in Sparta to carry the war motion. And so the full-fledged Peloponnesian War began. Sources Kagan, Donald. The Peloponnesian War. Viking, 2003Sealey, Raphae. The Causes of the Peloponnesian War. Classical Philology, vol. 70, no. 2, April 1975, pp. 89-109.Thucydides. The History of the Peloponnesian War. Translated by Richard Crawley, J.M. Dent and Sons, 1910.

A critical analysis of Roald Dahl Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

A critical analysis of Roald Dahl - Essay Example However, a sense of the failures of family and the retribution that could be unleashed should magic be real can be found within the pages of his amazing work Charlie and the Chocolate Factory has inspired two films based on the book. These films are somewhat different in their treatment of the story, but the result has touched several generations of film buffs as well as given Dahl a wider audience for his delightful tales. Matilda, James and the Giant Peach, as well as The Fantastic Mr. Fox have all found their way onto film. The stories by Dahl are highly unique and original in such a way as to have a noticeable exceptionality in the way in which they are accepted. Peter Hollindale (2008), relates a story of a British comedy that begins with a man reading a story to two children The story becomes increasingly disturbing until he turns it over and checks the cover. With a sigh of relief, as if understanding, he says â€Å"Oh, it’s by Roald Dahl† (271). This was the power of his extraordinary point of view. Much is forgiven in the way of the dark tales because the writing is such that it makes sense by the end. This is not to say that there isn’t a great deal of criticism over his work. According to Steinberg and Kinchella (2004), the story of Matilda has an aspect of disrespect toward parents within the content that has been an area of concern for some parents in reading it to their children (185). Another aspect of Dahl’s work that creates criticism is in the way that there is a defined separation between children and their parents and that there is a defined right and wrong type of family that suggests that all families should be alike (Alston 2008: 64). This sense of separation is further exacerbated by a sense that adults tend to be less intelligent sometimes than their children, encouraging a point of view that children should trust themselves over the influence of a parental decision. Still, the

Does nuisance law reflect well notions of corrective, distributive and Essay

Does nuisance law reflect well notions of corrective, distributive and retributive justice - Essay Example In a more sophisticated view, nuisance in accordance with English law can  generally be separated into two kinds of torts a) private nuisance, where the dealings of a respondent are becoming a cause to obstruct the usage of land or its bounties to be enjoyed unreasonably b)  public nuisance where the respondent’s doings are becoming a cause of inconvenience to the life of Her Majesty’s subjects. In the eyes of the law of the land, the public nuisance is also considered as an offense. The tort law allows the claimant to enjoy their right to provide evidence that the respondent’s doings are causing obstruction unreasonably. In fewer situations, the intention of the respondent should be taken into consideration. The question at this point of time comes in the minds of general public that what is the difference between the public nuisance and the private nuisance. ... We may find in the books of laws more comprehensive theories on the principals of justice, which by all means are important factors to provide justice at the doorstep of a victim and aim at to create harmony and brotherhood in the civilized society. According to John Rawls statement, â€Å"Justice is the first virtue of social institutions, as truth is of systems of thought†4. Branches of Justice It ensures justice is not done but seems to be done. Introducing punishment for the violators against their crimes plays an important role in reducing the crime rate in the society. Until and unless exemplary punishment is given to the criminals, no society can claim enforcement of law and order situation in the country. Under the mentioned scenario, the justice can be segregated into following segments: Corrective Justice Corrective justice at first integrates the positions of the petitioner and the respondent. The injustice done by the respondent and suffered by the petitioner at th e hands of defendant forms a solo juridical event in which each stakeholder participates in the presence of the other. In accordance with corrective justice, liability normally relates to either of the participants, which are in isolation from the other. Take the example, of the defendant, which is being subject to economic benefits or it is possible to ensure compensation to the petitioner’s loss. However, there is another alternate for stakeholders to settle their disputes out side the court purview5. Secondly, corrective justice provides an opportunity of ratification both for the petitioner and the defendant. The responsibility of the court is to examine the case minutely before announcing the judgment

Pathophysiology Of Multiple Sclerosis Health And Social Care Essay

Pathophysiology Of Multiple Sclerosis Health And Social Care Essay Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) and its characterized mainly by demylination of the myelin sheath (CALABRESI, 2004). There are specific types of MS which are; relapsing-remitting type of MS (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS), in addition to other types of MS but they are very rare such as progressive-relapsing MS (Norris, wells, 2007). There are many symptoms that specify MS. these symptoms can be categorized into the initial symptoms, the prodromal symptoms, and the symptoms that come along the course of MS (W.B Matthews, 1992). The recent methods of treatment for MS are mainly focusing at slowing the progression of the disease and keeping the symptoms under control, this can be achieved by using combinations of different medications (MCW Health link, 2007). Patients with MS usually have compromised balance (Fjeldstad, 2009). This can be caused by lesions located in the cerebellum that may lead to ataxia, or it could be as a secondary problem to diplopia, muscular weakness of the trunk or the limbs, vestibular problems, decreased sensory feedback and lower limbs spasticity (Fjeldstad, 2009). One of the new methods discovered to treat and help people with balance problems is the Wii-Fit. Many studies proved that the use of the Wii-Fit improves balance problems and helps people with diseases that may influence balance. Thus the research question of this paper is; is the Wii-Fit helpful in patients with MS who suffer from balance disorders. Incident MS was first discovered in 1849, although the first known description of a person with MS was from the fourteenth century in Holland (NINDS, 2007). MS is three times more common in women compared to men (NCEZID, DHQP, 2010). However, in patients who develop the MS symptoms later in life, the gender ratio is more equalized (NINDS, 2007). MS is not known as a childhood disorder because the statistics show that only 2 to 5% of the cases start before the age of 16. In addition, many of the MS symptoms are parallel to those of pediatric neurological disorders like metabolic disorders and leukodystrophies (NCEZID, DHQP, 2010). Finally, there is no universally acknowledged diagnostic criterion to diagnose MS in childhood (NCEZID, DHQP, 2010). There are no recent statistics that show specifically how many people have MS in the world, but there are 250,000 to 350,000 patients with MS in the United States diagnosed directly by the physician (NINDS, 2007). This single statistic estimates that 200 new cases are diagnosed each week. The majority of patients with MS experience their initial symptoms between the ages of 20 and 40. Symptoms are rarely seen before the age of 15 or after the age of 60 (NINDS, 2007). Caucasians are two times more susceptible to the disease than any other race (NINDS, 2007). Furthermore, MS is five times more common in temperate climates such as Canada, northern United States, and Europe than in hot and humid region (NINDS, 2007). Scientists have periodically received reports of MS epidemics, and the result was that the Faeroe Islands north of Scotland during World War II had the highest clusters of patients with MS ever. Yet there is no sufficient evidence that there is a direct relationship between the environmental factor and the increasing risk of MS. On the other hand, there is definitive evidence that the risk of developing or even worsening the condition of the disease is greater after acute viral infection (NINDS, 2007). Pathophysiology of MS MS is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) (CALABRESI, 2004). It has no underlying cause and its characterized by axonal demyelination followed by degeneration (CALABRESI, 2004). The demylination specifically affects the myelin sheath, which is a shielding fatty rich protein insulator that covers the axons (Norris, wells, 2007). The myelin sheath aids in the rhythmic flow of the nerve impulses and the transmission of action potentials, which allows the communication between the brain and the different parts of the body (Norris, wells, 2007). However, in patients with MS the myelin sheath is destroyed by the bodys immune system. The immune system, which is the bodys defense system is malfunctioned in patients with MS, it fails to differentiate between the bodys own tissues and the foreign bodies, and starts to send diseased fighting cells to the CNS tissues to begin the destruction of the bodys own myelin sheath. When the bodys immune system starts to attack the bodys tissues this is called an autoimmune disease (Norris, wells, 2007). Patients with MS usually experience their first symptoms as young adults (Norris, wells, 2007). Most of the patients are diagnosed with this condition at a young age, because very often at this age patients are going to school, driving a car, or starting a family. While performing the different activities of their life; patients eventually realize that they are not functioning well and there is something they need to be concerned about. Approximately 80 percent of patients with MS have their symptoms in a relapse and remit state; meaning that the symptoms come and go, making both the diagnosis and prognosis difficult (Norris, wells, 2007). MS is considered a non contagious disease and in most cases it does not shorten the patients life span (Norris, wells, 2007). There are specific types of MS; 80 percent of patients begin with the relapsing-remitting type of MS (RRMS), which is characterized by the short-term flare ups or what is commonly called exacerbations or relapses, and it can last up to three months (Norris, wells, 2007). These relapses are followed by a partial or complete recovery or what is called remission. Women are diagnosed with RRMS more than men (Norris, wells, 2007). A significant number of patients go into a period of remission that lasts up to one year or even more, during this period of remission patients might experience mild symptoms that did not fully recover following the exacerbation or they may be symptoms free. However, even if patients do not get worse between the relapses or even if they dont show any symptoms, there will be continuous changes in the CNS (Norris, wells, 2007). More than 90 percent of patients with RRMS will eventually enter a second phase of RRMS if they were not treated suitably. This is called secondary progressive MS (SPMS) (Norris, wells, 2007). SPMS, occurs when the patient is experiencing worsening of the symptoms progressively. Nearly 80 percent of patients with MS are diagnosed with SPMS (Norris, wells, 2007). Most of the other 20 percent are diagnosed with primary progressive MS (PPMS). This type of MS doesnt show a relapsing and remitting state, instead it is characterized by a progressive and steady worsening of the neurological status of the patient (Norris, wells, 2007). PPMS is fairly divided between the genders unlike the RRMS. Additionally, there are other types of MS but they are very rare such as; malignant or fulminant MS, benign MS, and progressive-relapsing MS (Appendix A) (Norris, wells, 2007). There are many diagnostic tools used to evaluate the status of patients with MS. The most common diagnostic tool is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lumbar puncture (Norris, wells, 2007). MRI, which views the lesions of the brain and spine, uses radiofrequency, computer stimulator, and a big electromagnet to contribute in providing a high quality picture of the brain (Norris, wells, 2007). MRI is used with patients with MS to assess the location and size of the lesions (Norris, wells, 2007). However, inflammation can be better assessed with the use of gadolinium-enhancement, which is a type of dye that is injected in the patient before doing the actual MRI (Norris, wells, 2007). Moreover, the other tool that is commonly used with MS is lumbar puncture or spinal tap; where a thin needle is entered at the base of the spinal cord and a small sample of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is collected (Norris, wells, 2007). CSF is the liquid that surrounds both the spinal cord and the brain (Norris, wells, 2007). After taking a small sample of the CSF, laboratory tests are initiated to evaluate the chemical and cellular abnormalities of the sample. The physicians mainly look for oligoclonal bands, which are atypical immune proteins called immunoglobulins. These proteins present in the CSF of nearly 90 percent of patients with MS, but these proteins can also occur with other neurological conditions other than MS (Norris, wells, 2007). When comparing the MRI and lumbar puncture, the MRI is more useful and conclusive tool for diagnosing MS. On the other hand, lumbar puncture can be useful in case the MRI results are normal or indecisive therefore its used less often. Othe r less common diagnostic tools for MS are; magnetic resonance spectroscopy and evoked potential tests (Norris, wells, 2007). Symptoms of MS Symptoms of MS can be divided into three categories, the initial symptoms, the prodromal symptoms, and the symptoms that come along the course of MS (W.B Matthews, 1992). The initial symptoms, which appear in the first episode of MS are often taken by the patient from the history. However, the longer the time between the relapse and the questioning, the more inaccurate the information taken from the patient. Recent review of published reports revealed the incidence of the initial symptoms as follows, weakness in one or more limbs 40%, optic neuritis 22%, paraesthesiae 21%, diplopia 12%, vertigo 5%, and disturbance of micturition 5% (W.B Matthews, 1992). The prodromal symptoms are non specific symptoms that involve fatigue, irritability, limb pains, poor memory, and weight loss. These symptoms may be considered insignificant, because at this stage the abnormalities will not be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (W.B Matthews, 1992). Furthermore, there are signs and symptoms that appear along the course of MS and in every advanced case of MS such as: weakness, spasticity, ataxia, tremors, sensory loss, visual disturbances and loss of bladder control (W.B Matthews, 1992; MCW health link, 2007). Then again, there are symptoms that are unusually seen with MS patients and it not proven to be associated with MS or any other medical condition that the patient suffers from such as: narcolepsy, spasmodic torticollis, and the restless legs syndrome (W.B Matthews, 1992). One of the constant features of advanced MS is weakness of the limbs; the most common form of distribution is asymmetrical weakness of both lower limbs. The least common forms of distributions are weakness of one lower limb, one lower limb and one upper limb always on the same side, or weakness of one upper limb (W.B Matthews, 1992). Weakness may be attributed to a slowly progressive case of hemi paresis, which begins with one lower limb, and then progressively more to the upper limb of the ipsilateral side. In the cases of hemiplegia in MS; the face is spared and not influenced by the weakness. However, the weakness can reach the respiratory muscles, which may lead to serious complications and even death (W.B Matthews, 1992). Signs of sudden deterioration include restriction of respiratory movement and rapid shallow breathing; these signs are not to be taken for granted especially if the patient is having weakness in both upper limbs. Weakness in the respiratory muscles may lead to an increase in energy consumption during walking and during performing other types of activities; that is called chronic respiratory weakness (W.B Matthews, 1992). Another feature of advanced MS is spasticity (W.B Matthews, 1992; MCW health link, 2007). Spasticity is a disorder of voluntary movement and increased resistance to passive movement (W.B Matthews, 1992). It usually affects the lower limbs more than the upper limbs. Nevertheless, this increase in tone is beneficial for some patients, because the increase in extensor tone can hold the weak knee extended during walking. However, if the tone increases beyond the reasonable limit, the patient will maintain the foot in planter flexion and that will make ambulation even harder and more difficult to the patient (W.B Matthews, 1992). Obtaining the desired tone to facilitate walking was proved impossible to attain. At the progressive stage of the disease there is an increase in the extensor tone, which is also called extensor spasm. This extensor spasm is considered inconvenient more than disabling e.g., it is extremely painful and occurs at night or when the patient gets out of bed in the mor ning. The patient needs several minutes for the spasm to subside (W.B Matthews, 1992). In advanced cases, flexor tone may take over and that will affect patients ability to walk (W.B Matthews, 1992). Patients may experience frequent falling, and it may be impossible to use a wheelchair. Eventually, patients may develop contractures mainly in the hamstrings and iliopsoas muscles (W.B Matthews, 1992). One of the major symptoms that patients with MS complain of is fatigue (W.B Matthews, 1992; MCW health link, 2007). There are two main types of fatigue in patients with MS; the first type is physical fatigue and the other type is psychological fatigue (MCW Health link, 2007). However, in patients with MS its very difficult to distinguish the cause of the complain, is it from fatigue or weakness (W.B Matthews, 1992). The only factor that distinguishes the pathological fatigue of a patient with MS from an ordinary fatigue of a healthy person is the adverse effect of heat, thus it means when the patient gets lethargic and tired when facing the hot and humid weather (W.B Matthews, 1992). Sensory symptoms are also common to occur with this type of patients especially at the onset of the relapse (W.B Matthews, 1992). Usually the abnormal sensation begins in a single foot, then after few days it spread up to involve the whole bilateral lower limbs, perineum, buttock, and different levels of the trunk that vary with each patient. Patients usually describe the feeling as tingling sensation (W.B Matthews, 1992). There are many other signs and symptoms that may affect the MS patients such as urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence (MCW Health link, 2007). In addition, some patients with MS may complain of pain, restless legs, lhermittes sign, and even mental changes such as dementia, affective disorder, and schizophrenia (W.B Matthews, 1992). Finally, cerebellar dysfunction is a very common feature of advanced MS (W.B Matthews, 1992). This includes nystagmus, cerebellar ataxia, and dysarthria. Cerebellar ataxia can affect the gait. Truncal ataxia, the most common form of cerebellar dysfunction, is observed when the patient is sitting and it contribute to the increasing complaint of poor balance (W.B Matthews, 1992). Conventional treatment The current methods of treatment and medications aim at controlling the symptoms of MS, slowing the progression of the disease itself, and preventing undesirable side effects (MCW Health link, 2007). Significant numbers of people with MS suffer from spasticity (W.B Matthews, 1992; MCW Health link, 2007). Spasticity is often treated with tranquilizers and muscle relaxants such as Baclofen or lioresal, which can be taken orally and in serious cases they are injected into the spinal cord. They are considered the most commonly prescribed medication for spasticity. Other medications that are less commonly used for the treatment of spasticity are Tizanidine or zanaflex, Diazepam or Valium, and clonazepam or Klonopin (MCW Health link, 2007). One of the common problems that patients with MS deal with is visual disturbances (MCW Health link, 2007). Which can recover with time even without any kind of medical intervention, the physician may prescribe a short course of therapy with methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) that may be introduced intravenously. In addition, oral steroids are occasionally used (MCW Health link, 2007). Fatigue, which is the most common symptom of MS can be treated according to its type (MCW Health link, 2007). The physical fatigue can be avoided simply by instructing the patient to avoid heat and excessive physical activity. For psychological fatigue, the physician can prescribe anti-depressant medications for the patient. Other medications that can decrease fatigue are pemoline (Cylert), and amantadine (Symmetrel) (MCW Health link, 2007). Many patients with MS may suffer from different kinds of pain (MCW Health link, 2007). Aspirin or acetaminophen can be very helpful in controlling back pain and muscle pain. Additionally, physical therapy is also advantageous in controlling the pain by correcting the improper posture, and strengthening and stretching the muscles (MCW Health link, 2007). Some patients may develop bladder dysfunction and that can lead to urinary infection as the disease progresses (MCW Health link, 2007). Antibiotics are often used in the treatment of urinary tract infections. In addition, the patient may take vitamin C supplements or drink cranberry juice to acidify the urine and thus to decrease the chance of further infections (MCW Health link, 2007). In patients with urinary incontinence bladder pace-maker can be implanted through surgery. It is controlled by a hand-held device that is carried by the patient, allowing the patient to control the muscles that surrounds the bladder, by contracting the m when emptying the bladder and relaxing them in case of urine retention (MCW Health link, 2007). Patients with MS may develop tremors, which can be often challenging during the therapy course because it often makes the therapy difficult and takes a long time. Tremors can be minimally controlled with drugs, or in severe cases it can be treated with surgical intervention, but the best treatment for the tremors associated with MS is by taking physical therapy (MCW Health link, 2007). Finally, physical therapy rehabilitation is an integral part in the treatment of patients with MS (Patricia G, 2007). Its very necessary that the physical therapy team posses the important knowledge, sensitivity, and experience when dealing with these kinds of patients. In addition, they have to appreciate the variety of symptoms that the patient may suffer from, and know how to deal with every emotional, social, vocational, and financial issues that their patients complain of. The physical therapist goals should be focused on the following: educating the patient about the disease and how to deal with it, providing home programs for dealing with symptoms, making the patient independent as much as possible, offering resources for community programs, providing equipments for the patients and their caregivers (Patricia G, 2007). Wii-Fit Treatment The Wii is a software and a hardware game package that belongs to the Nintendo wii, which is designed mainly to improve fitness and balance while in the same time providing entertainment for the users (Williams et al., 2010). Its a video game that basically detects movement that is taking place on a balance board to allow the individual to play a variety of interactive games (Appendix B). The balance board is a flat board that the individual stands on, and it includes pressure sensors to detect any changes in weight shifting and the center of balance (Williams et al., 2010). Recent studies have shown that the Wii-Fit can be used to treat or improve balance in a number of disorders that affect the balance. In 2010, Williams et al., conducted a study to determine if the Nintendo Wii-Fit is a reliable and useful intervention in community dwelling older adults. Older adults over the age of 70 and have high risk of falling were recruited for the study. They participated in computer-based exercises, and during their participation, fear of falling and balance were evaluated at weeks 0, 4, and 12. After the completion of the program, the participants were interviewed to know if the intervention was beneficial for them or not. Nearly 80% of the participants attended 75% or more of the training sessions, after week 12, the Berg Balance scores were obtained from all the participants and it was found that theres a significant decrease in the risk of falling for the participants. The authors concluded that the Wii-Fit exercise program is beneficial and suitable for p eople with high risk of falling and thus, the Wii-Fit has the ability to improve balance (Williams et al., 2010). Another study was conducted on children with Down syndrome (Abdel Rahman, 2010). Its widely known that children with Down syndrome have lower scores on agility and balance tests compared to other children with other mental impairments. The main idea of this study was to examine if the Wii-Fit is helpful in improving balance in children with Down syndrome. Before starting the trial, balance was tested by using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency for thirty children aged 10 to 13 years with Down syndrome. The children were then equally and randomly divided into two groups; the study group received 6 weeks of Wii-Fit training and the control group received an ordinary physical therapy program. At the end of the program, the study group showed significant improvement in agility and balance compared to the control group. The author recommends that the Wii-Fit games can help in disorders that cause balance problems (Abdel Rahman, 2010). Rationale Based on the literature review of this paper, the use of the Wii-Fit was proven beneficial for patients that have balance problems such as children with Down syndrome and community dwelling older adults that have high risk of falling. In addition, the presented information proved that MS can affect balance significantly. Thus since the Wii-Fit was useful in the cases of Down syndrome and community dwelling older adults, then it is possible that it would be useful in patients with MS that have balance problems. Appendix A Types of MS Appendix B The Wii-Fit package The Balance Board

Mobile Shoppers

The entire digital marketing world is quickly converging on mobile as a favorite shopping partner. Thanks to the increasing purchases and usage of smartphones, approximately 50% of adults aged 18-64 in the U. S. are mobile shopping. With all of these technologically advanced phones in pockets and purses, the way people shop is changing. Mobile shopping is not one activity – Mobile-shopping behaviors include using one's phone to facilitate any part of the shopping experience — from comparing products, evaluating prices, and selecting where to buy, to sharing product photos, tweeting price details, and actually completing the transaction.The mobile shopping experience can also include activities post-purchase, such as returning or servicing a product. Arc Worldwide conducted a nationwide quantitative survey of 1,800 mobile-phone owners, followed by qualitative research using webcams, Flip video cameras, and shop-alongs as shoppers utilized their phones in the shopping exp erience. Two key findings cast a light on who is mobile shopping and how, and what it means for the future. Lights shall inherit the future -Mobile shoppers fall into two groups.Heavy mobile shoppers comprise about 20% of all mobile shoppers and drive 80% of the activity volume. Light mobile shoppers comprise the rest. Heavies love their phones, using them to share photos, download music, and check the news. They also love any form of shopping, whether it be at home, on a computer, or in the store. It's not surprising that they really enjoy the nexus — indexing 10 times higher than lights in mobile shopping. Heavy mobile shoppers know and use mobile as a specialized tool for shopping.Light mobile shoppers have a much narrower outlook toward mobile with regard to shopping. They see it primarily as an inferior portable computer, and therefore primarily use it in the car and on the go. Sixty-two percent of light mobile shoppers told us it was just easier to go online from a comp uter vs. shopping on their phone. While heavies have driven the growth of mobile shopping thus far, our research indicates that future growth will come from a small group of lights with the greatest potential to become heavies. We call them high potential mobile shoppers.They love their mobile phones and shopping in the way heavies do, but haven't yet converted their shopping activities onto their phones. Smartphone shopping apps are helping consumers buy more online, and they’re getting people better deals on the street. Two new data points from online auctioneer eBay and price comparison app Scanbuy help drive that home, and more importantly, suggest where things are ultimately headed: Deal-hungry users are increasingly going to put pressure on retailers, both online and offline, to change prices in real time to satisfy these more savvy buyers.Ex. EBay said Wednesday that global mobile sales brought in almost $2 billion in 2010, up from $600 million in 2009. In the U. S. , eBay mobile sales grew almost 175 percent, generating nearly $850 million in gross merchandise value in 2010. What this confirms is that consumers are wielding their smartphones as shopping tools, arming themselves with data that’s informing their choices. In some cases, it’s pushing people to buy online. In other cases, they’re searching for better deals nearby.But as users get more access to pricing data wherever they are at all times, it’s going to force retailers to have to react more in real time with their pricing. If users can see there are deals to be found elsewhere, retailers are going to have learn how to respond quickly with counter offers. This is good news for consumers, who can leverage this data more for in-store discounts and bargaining. Flash an online price of a product at a Best Buy employee, and see if the price can be matched or beaten. It’s going to put more pressure on retailers to monitor these pricing schemes and devise qu ick strategies.It’s not enough to just offer check-in coupons and offers; they’re going to have to be aware of the competing offers available to consumers as they hunt for bargains. 1. Extend online brand reputation to mobile with seller ratings – Having a great online reputation is essential to driving online conversions, per Google. With seller ratings on mobile, brands and retailers can extend their online reputation from desktop to mobile devices and leverage the power of the mobile platform to drive conversions on the Web. The seller ratings extension lets mobile searchers to see merchants who are highly recommended by other shoppers.By showcasing relevant and useful rating information for a business, the extension can help differentiate that brand from its competition and guide potential customers to purchase from its site. In recent studies, campaigns with mobile seller ratings saw a 7. 5 percent increase in click through rates when compared to campaigns without this extension. Seller ratings are aggregated from merchant review sites all around the Web and the extension will only show when a merchant’s online store has a rating of four or more stars and at least 30 reviews. . Take customers directly to the desired conversion path with mobile ad site links – Ad site links enable direct navigation to specific pages of a Web site. Since navigating on the mobile Web can still be difficult, site links for mobile can be especially useful in taking customers directly to the desired conversion path on a site, per Google. For example, with site links brands can quickly guide customers to the best selling products on their site or to an online store locator.Mobile users find this format particularly helpful and on average campaigns with mobile site links see a 30 percent increase in click through rates when compared to campaigns without site links. Right now a maximum of two site links can appear on mobile devices with ads displ aying two links across one line or stacked vertically on two lines. One-line site links can show with the click-to-call phone extension and will display one link to the Web site alongside the brand’s phone number. One-line site links can also show with the seller ratings extension and will display the company’s online store rating as well as two links to its Web site.The quality of a brand’s ad will determine which variation of mobile ad site links will show. Two-line site links typically show for higher quality ads. 3. Drive customers in-store with offer ads – Running an in-store promotion? Brands can get the word out and incentivize customers to visit their store by placing a coupon right into their AdWords ads. Mobile ads with offers enable advertisers to include special deals in their mobile search ads, allowing users to store coupons via email or SMS.Ads also display the brand’s phone number or business location on a Google Map for Mobile so t hat customers have everything they need to go to the store, redeem the offer and make a purchase. 4. Click-to-call ads for easier contact – Ensure that customers can easily connect with customer service by including a business phone number in mobile search ads. Since users who make a call are showing interest in a brand’s product or service, they are more likely to make a purchase. With a call costing the same as a click to an ad, this is a very cost-effective ad format for driving quality leads and conversions for a business.

Ethics - 766 Words

Ethical Dilemma Walter Thibodeaux CJA 474 May 21, 2012 Evan Cohen Ethical Dilemma Individuals face many challenges when entering into new employment or profession. The new job’s culture is not quickly learned; therefore, one has to observe and take notes on his or her new job’s way of doing things and adapt. In this ethical dilemma, a police officer has just transferred to a new department. In his transition to the new department, the officer witnesses another officer violating the department’s ethical code of coduct. The officer witnesses another officer taking gifts from the community members and local businesses he services. As a new member to the department, the officer debates on what actions if any he should take in†¦show more content†¦Accepting gifts from members of the community and local businesses for any reason is unethical. This type of behavior places dishonesty in the minds of citizens. A police department that is dishonest or fill with corruption makes trusting them impossible. What is the liability issues involved with not reporting the officer? Witnessing unethical actions by a fellow officer requires disclosure to the proper authority. Liability issues involved with not reporting the officer entails the officer’s disregard for rules and regulations of his department. Officers including all criminal justice personnel are responsible for holding the code of ethics. â€Å"A single incident in law enforcement can have devastating effects throughout the country† (Martin, 2011, p. 13) What supervisory issues does this situation present to management and leadership? As an effective leader, this incident would not be ignored. The investigation of incidents would be investigated thoroughly. Leaders and management heads are vital to the integrity of a department. Leaders significantly affect the prevention of corruption of a department (Martin, 2011). The issue of prudence is presented to management and leadership. They must be able to tell the difference between conflicting qualities and the best action to take. In addition, the issue of responsibility to do the right thing is important in this situation. An effective leader willShow MoreRelatedEthics And Ethics : Ethics922 Words   |  4 Pagesand friend group to be altered. One change I was not anticipating making was my approach to ethics. Over the course of the past fifteen weeks, my knowledge of ethics as well as my approach to ethics has changed. I have become more knowledgeable about the different app roaches to ethics and have gained insight as to where I stand in my approach to ethics. One thing that has changed in my approach to ethics since the beginning of the semester is I am now adamant that it is impossible to arrive at aRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pages†¢ Define ethics. 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There are some scenarios however, when the correct decision based on a system of ethics that values doing the right thing is not the decision that leaves behind the least negative impact on the organization. An organization must decide if it will follow the system of ethics that

Inherit The Wind by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee

Every man has opinions, some which are stronger than others, but do these thoughts define the man? In Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee’s play Inherit The Wind opinions do not define the people who advocate them. Each character in this play has viewpoints that influence their actions. The bravery, honesty and determination required to express an opinion defines a person more than the opinion, allowing one to respect a man who advocates unpopular opinions. When a man stands up for his beliefs despite their unpopularity, he exemplifies great bravery. While Bertram Cates may not have been the most brave man when the trial began, he later addresses the courtroom by saying, â€Å"I feel I am†¦ I have been convicted of violating an unjust law. I will continue in the future, as I have in the past, to oppose this law in any way I can,† (115). Bert bravely states his point of view in his speech and makes it clear that he stands behind Darwinism. While picking the jury membe rs, Drummond â€Å"[objects] to all [the] ‘Colonel’ talk,† (42) because he believes it interferes with a fair trial. In addition to annoying Brady, Drummond objects to the title because he is brave enough to stand up to what he thinks is unjust. On a more general note, Drummond had the bravery to go to Hillsboro as the defense attorney for Bert even though winning the case was nearly impossible and there was no pay. Although their opinions were not popular in the play, Bert and Drummond show great bravery by standing up forShow MoreRelatedThe, Inherit The Wind, By Jerome Lawrence And Robert E. Lee1366 Words   |  6 Pages and social norms are challenged. Those that could adapt to the changing times would flourish in post-war America, whereas those that could not depart from the yesteryear found themselves in the mercy of time. In the play, Inherit the Wind, by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee, Matthew Brady and Clarence Drummond, two famous attorneys, go head to head in a heated litigation over the morality of the teaching of evolution. Evolution is a contested â€Å"new† theory at the time, and teaching it would goRead MoreInherit The Wind By Jerome Lawrence And Robert E. Lee2023 Words   |  9 PagesInherit the Wind, a play written by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee was a very influential plays for its time. The play is based on the 1925 Scopes trial in Dayton, Tennessee. The scopes trial was known as â€Å"The Trial of the Century and helped expose the controversy between the Christian theory of creationism and the scientific theory of evolution. The play, which was published years after the trial, helped expose many Americans to the cultural divide between science and faith in our nation. ItRead MoreInherit the Wind by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee901 Words   |  4 Pagesmost controversial plays of its time is hands down, Inherit the Wind. The main debate throughout the play is the debate between science and religion . A bit of a background for those that are naive to the topic in this time period to follow. Small towns such as Hillsboro were very prone to streamlined views in every possible topic of extremities such as religion to minor topics relative to eateries, gossip, and small town politics. Lawrence and Lee do an exceptional job representing and setting theRead MoreTheories And Arguments : Inherit The Wind By Jerome Lawrence Robert E. Lee Essay780 Words   |  4 Pages Arguments – â€Å"Inherit the Wind† by Jerome Lawrence Robert E. Lee Established Goals: Students compose thoughtful, analytical arguments rooted in their own ideologies about religion, science, and the world today. Students develop arguments (not opinions!) about aforementioned themes (i.e. religion, science, power, traditions, professionalism, separation of beliefs and state, etc.). They utilize discussions, debates, current events, and our readings of the play â€Å"Inherit the Wind† to develop theseRead MoreCharles Darwin s Inherit The Wind By Jerome Lawrence And Robert E. Lee1087 Words   |  5 Pagesbold statement that epitomized his experimental and revolutionary approach in science during his lifetime. Darwin’s controversial Theory of Evolution caused a paradigm shift in the centrally fundamentalist society of his time. Inherit The Wind by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee was loosely based on the historical Scopes Trial in 1925; the trial exemplified conflicting beliefs between evolution and creationism. In the play two men represent two opposing forces at large— lawyer Henry Drummond advocatesRead MoreControvery of Creation vs. Evolution in Inherit the Wind, by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee624 Words   |  3 PagesIn Inherit The Wind, by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee, is about a big trial in a small town, and a controversial Creation versus Evolution debate. There are many characters with flamboyant and powerful personalities. Among them are: Matthew Harrison Brady, and Henry Drummond. Although all of these influential people are powerful, not all of them have the same amount of power, not only over other people, but over themselves as well. Matthew Harrison Brady is a very powerful, and revered man atRead MoreEssay about First Impressions Are Not Always Correct524 Words   |  3 Pagescasual â€Å"hello† down the hallway to truly know a person. It is actually very difficult, and takes time, to know someone on a personal level. As human beings we often base our perceptions of people off of what we have heard. In Inherit the Wind Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee show us why these perceptions are usually inaccurate. They show us that once you put aside the rumors and look into a person’s heart, you may be stunned. Towards the beginning of the book we were introduced to Cates. He wasRead More Inherit The Wind Essay729 Words   |  3 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the play â€Å"Inherit the Wind† by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee, the defense faces numerous societal injustices, which is why they never had a chance to win the case. One example of the town’s bias is presented through the town’s love for Matthew Harrison Brady. A second example is the extreme conformist and pious attitude of the town’s people. The last instance is the narrow-mindedness of the judge and the jury, which resulted in an unfair trial. In conclusionRead MoreAnalysis Of Clarence Darrow And Henry Millers Inherit The Wind951 Words   |  4 Pagesthe â€Å"Attorney for the Damned?† Both Clarence Darrow and Henry Drummond were set to win impossible cases. In the play Inherit the wind and the real-life Scopes Monkey Trial, Darrow and Drummond were on the impossible side. The trials were evolution against religion. Darrow and Drummond both had to represent the side of evolution in a religious-biased town. In t he play Inherit the Wind, the character, Henry Drummond, parallels his real-life counterpart, Clarence Darrow, through his beliefs, his contributionRead MoreEssay on Inherit the Wind (Scopes Trial)1082 Words   |  5 PagesThe play Inherit the Wind, was written by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee to inform its readers about the injustice of a law that limited the freedom of an ordinary citizen. This play is based upon actual events that happened to an individual, John Scopes, in Dayton, Tennessee during the 1920s. This famous Monkey Trial not only allowed people to begin to accept new theories about the origin of man, but also showed that they did not have to limit themselves in other areas of life. In the